主要统计指标解释
人口数 指一定时点、一定地区范围内有生命的个人总和。
年度统计的年末人口数指每年12月31日24时的人口数。
常住人口 指在某地区实际居住半年以上的人口。
户籍人口 指公民依照《中华人民共和国户口登记条例》已在其经常居住地的公安户籍管理机关登记了常住户口的人。
城镇人口和乡村人口 城镇人口是指居住在城镇范围内的全部常住人口；乡村人口是除上述人口以外的全部人口。
出生率(又称粗出生率) 指在一定时期内(通常为一年)一定地区的出生人数与同期内平均人数(或期中人数)之比，用千分率表示。本资料中的出生率指年出生率，其计算公式为：
式中：出生人数指活产婴儿，即胎儿脱离母体时(不管怀孕月数)，有过呼吸或其他生命现象。年平均人数指年初、年底人口数的平均数，也可用年中人口数代替。
死亡率(又称粗死亡率) 指在一定时期内(通常为一年)一定地区的死亡人数与同期内平均人数(或期中人数)之比，用千分率表示。本资料中的死亡率指年死亡率，其计算公式为：
人口自然增长率 指在一定时期内(通常为一年)人口自然增加数(出生人数减死亡人数)与该时期内平均人数(或期中人数)之比，用千分率表示。计算公式为：
总抚养比 也称总负担系数。指人口总体中非劳动年龄人口数与劳动年龄人口数之比。通常用百分比表示。说明每100名劳动年龄人口大致要负担多少名非劳动年龄人口。用于从人口角度反映人口与经济发展的基本关系。计算公式为：
其中：GDR为总抚养比；
P0~14为0～14岁少年儿童人口数；
P65+为65岁及65岁以上的老年人口数；
P15~64为15～64岁劳动年龄人口数。
老年人口抚养比 也称老年人口抚养系数。指某一人口中老年人口数与劳动年龄人口数之比。通常用百分比表示。用以表明每100名劳动年龄人口要负担多少名老年人。老年人口抚养比是从经济角度反映人口老化社会后果的指标之一。计算公式为：
其中：ODR为老年人口抚养比；
P65+为65岁及65岁以上的老年人口数；
P15~64为15～64岁的劳动年龄人口数。
少年儿童抚养比 也称少年儿童抚养系数。指某一人口中少年儿童人口数与劳动年龄人口数之比。通常用百分比表示。以反映每100名劳动年龄人口要负担多少名少年儿童。计算公式为：
其中：CDR为少年儿童抚养比；
P0~14为0～14岁少年儿童人口数；
P15~64为15～64岁劳动年龄人口数。
Explanatory
Notes on Main Statistical Indicators
Total
Population refers
to the total number of people alive at a certain point of time within a given area.
The annual
statistics on total population is taken at midnight, the 3lst of
December.
Resident
Population refers to the population
actually living for more than half a year at a place.
Registered
Population refers to the citizens who have
registered their permanent residence with the public security household
register authority of the location where they often live.
Urban
Population and Rural Population Urban population refers to all people residing in cities and towns,
while rural population refers to population other than urban population.
Birth Rate (or
Crude Birth Rate) refers
to the ratio of the number of births to the average population (or mid-period
population) during a certain period of time (usually a year), expressed in ‰. Birth
rate in the chapter refers to annual birth rate. The following formula is used:
Number of
births in the formula refers to live births, i.e. when a baby has breathed or
showed any vital phenomena regardless of the length of pregnancy.
Annual average
population is the average of the number of population at the beginning of the
year and that at the end of the year. Sometimes it is substituted by the
mid-year population.
Death Rate (or
Crude Death Rate)
refers to the ratio of the number of deaths to the average population (or
mid-period population) during a certain period of time (usually a year),
expressed in ‰. Death rate in the chapter refers to annual death rate. The
following formula is used:
Natural Growth
Rate of Population
refers to the ratio of natural increase in population (number of births
minus number of deaths) in a certain period of time (usually a year) to the
average population (or mid-period population) of the same period, expressed in
‰. The following formula is applied:
Natural Growth
Rate of Population = Birth Rate-Death Rate
Gross
Dependency Ratio also
called gross dependency coefficient, refers to the ratio of non-working-age
population to the working-age population, express in %. Describing in general
the number of non-working-age population that every 100 people at working ages
will take care of, this indicator reflects the basic relation between
population and economic development from the demographic perspective. The gross
dependency ratio is calculated with the following formula:
Where: GDR is
the gross dependency ratio,
P0-14 is the population of children aged 0-14,
P65+ is the elderly population aged 65 and
over, and
P15-64 is the working-age population aged 15-64.
Old Dependency
Ratio also
called old dependency coefficient, refers to the ratio of the elderly
population to the working-age population, express in %. It describes the number
of the elderly population that every 100 people at working ages will take care
of. Old dependency ratio is one of the indicators reflecting the social
implication of population aging from the economic perspective. The old
dependency ratio is calculated with the following formula:
Where: ODR is
the old dependency ratio,
P65+ is the elderly population aged 65
and over, and
P15-64 is the working-age population aged 15-64.
Children
Dependency Ratio
also called children dependency coefficient, refers to the ratio of the
children population to the working-age population, express in %. It describes
the number of children population that every 100 people at working ages will
take care of. The children dependency ratio is calculated with the following
formula:
Where: CDR is
the children dependency ratio,
P0-14 is the children population aged 0-14, and
P15-64 is the working-age population aged 15-64.